Sunday, July 25, 2010

At what point did humans first make bread, and/or record a recipe?

I have always wondered at what point bread began, and I just want to know when people started writing things down enough, and experimenting enough, to figure out how to make something like bread, let alone a fully cooked meal. It is unfathomable to me that we once ate only raw meat and random grains/berries/fruits, although, I'm sure at some point that's all that ever was.At what point did humans first make bread, and/or record a recipe?
Wheat has been cultivated by man since before recorded history. It is conjectured by anthropologists that hungry hunter/gatherers first stockpiled the grain as a storable food source. When it got wet, it sprouted, and people found that if the grain was planted it yielded yet more seeds.





Grown in Mesopotamia and Egypt, wheat was likely first merely chewed. Later it was discovered that it could be pulverized and made into a paste. Set over a fire, the paste hardened into a flat bread that kept for several days. It did not take much of a leap to discover leavened (raised) bread when yeast was accidentally introduced to the paste.





Instead of waiting for fortuitous circumstances to leaven their bread people found that they could save a piece of dough from a batch of bread to put into the next day's dough. This was the origin of sour-dough, a process still used today.





In Egypt, around 1000 BC, inquiring minds isolated yeast and were able to introduce the culture directly to their breads. Also a new strain of wheat was developed that allowed for refined white bread. This was the first truly modern bread. Up to thirty varieties of bread may have been popular in ancient Egypt.

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